Dental implant vs. dental bridge

When a tooth is lost, the negative effects of edentulousness, such as masticatory and speech difficulties, the migration of neighboring teeth or even the alteration of the aesthetic appearance, can be combated by replacing the lost teeth. This way you can regain your smile and confidence in yourself. This prosthesis of the edentulous area can be done in two ways: with the help of the dental implant or the dental bridge.

Important general information about dental implants

A dental implant is a screw made of titanium that is designed to completely replace the natural root of the tooth. Dental implants are inserted into the jawbone using surgical guides as part of a medical implant insertion procedure - in effect a standard surgical procedure.

After the insertion of the dental implant, there follows a period of osseointegration / osseoacceptance of the implant by the bone, which can vary from 4 to 6 months, depending on the density of the bone or the extent of the surgery. After this period, the area can be protected by fixing a prosthetic abutment on the implant and then the final crown on this prosthetic abutment. The attachment of the two components (prosthetic abutment and dental crown) to the implant is done by screwing.

The advantages of dental implants include the fact that neighbouring teeth remain intact and the easier possibility to clean the space between the tooth and the crown on the implant. As a disadvantage of dental implants, we can mention the duration of the final work, from the insertion of the implant to the fixing of the work - about 5-7 months. It is important to consider that oral hygiene will have to be more rigorous in order not to lose the implant through peri-implantitis.

General information about the dental bridge

The dental bridge is a prosthetic work carried out in the dental laboratory. As the name suggests, it is supported by the teeth adjacent to the edentulous spaces. The dental bridge has the morphological and functional role of replacing missing teeth, but also to protect the abutment teeth in case they are massively distracted and require protection. The dental bridge is fixed to the "abutment" teeth by long-term cementation with special cements depending on the type of restoration being carried out.

One of the indications for a dental bridge is when the teeth neighbouring the edentulous gap are already devitalised (without a nerve) or affected by an extensive caries process and need to be protected by a crown, they are covered with the dental bridge which also replaces the missing tooth.

Among the advantages of dental bridges are that they are easier for the patient to accept, as no surgery is required, and that the overall time taken to complete the procedure is shorter. On the other hand, their disadvantages are somewhat more numerous and here we can note the following:

• preparation of bordering teeth is necessary - their devitalisation is necessary to avoid further complications
• rigorous maintenance is needed to avoid problems with the abutment teeth,
• Dental bridges should be replaced every 6-8 years, because those luting cements lose their properties and microleakage occurs which can cause irreversible destruction of the abutment teeth.

CONCLUSION: dental implants or dental bridges?

In conclusion, I would like to point out that regardless of the solution recommended by your dentist or specialist or chosen by you, it is very important that the edentulous spaces (gaps) are protected as soon as possible, because otherwise changes can occur such as tooth migrations both vertically and horizontally which can affect your occlusion, other teeth and endanger your oral health.

Dental implants are undoubtedly the most effective solution that successfully and completely replaces a natural tooth, from the root to the visible dental crown.

Dental implants are a more expensive solution but can last much longer.

The solution of dental implant prosthetics does not involve compromising neighbouring teeth and therefore does not affect components of healthy teeth.

dr. Alin Drăgan
dentist, specialist in periodontology

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